Breakthrough REE Metallurgy at Caladao In Situ Leach Target
Released
Released
Announcement PDF
ASX ANNOUNCEMENT
ASX: AXL
26 November 2025
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Breakthrough REE Metallurgical Results atCaladão AreaB
Magnet-richionicclaysystemwith~40%NdPrand~42%MREOinleachsolutions
supportslow-CAPEX,low-OPEXin-situleach(ISL)developmentconceptatCaladão
AreaB–WoolrichISLTarget
Highlights
• Initial MgSO4 leach tests from SGS at the Woolrich in situ leach (ISL) Target at Area B
confirm a genuine ionic-adsorption clay (IAC) system, amenable to simple, low cost ISL
using MgSO4.
• Soluble TREO grades in auger holes intercepts are comparable to, and locally exceed,
the TREO soluble grades at operating Gerik ISL REE mine in Malaysia (121Mt @ 486ppm
soluble TREO)
• Leach solutions are magnet-REE rich, with ~40% NdPr and ~42% MREO plus meaningful
DyTb contributions (~2%) leading to a potentially premium MREC end product
• Results provide an excellent initial leach values and geological dataset to support
detailed follow-up metallurgical, hydrological and technical studies at Woolrich target.
• Area B Mineral Resource Estimate expected in December 2025 to underpin initial
metallurgical results
• Establishes a defined next-step work program, infill/deeper drilling, leach interval with
MgSO4 to define the zones amenable to ISL and potential trial mining area at Woolrich
Target.
Axel REE Limited (ASX: AXL, FSE:HN8, “Axel” or “the Company”) is pleased to report the first batch of auger
drilling samples from the Woolrich Target in Area B at the Caladão Project in the Lithium Valley, Brazil. The
samples were submitted to SGS for leaching tests using magnesium sulphate (MgSO₄) at pH 4.5 under
ambient temperature conditions.
The assays of the leach solution for rare earth elements (REE) represents the amount of REE extracted
from the clays using a simple leach at pH 4.5 under atmospheric conditions which will report in the
final product – the mixed rare earth carbonate (MREC) i.e the ionic adsorbed REE in the clays.
The leaching results demonstrate soluble total rare earth element oxide (TREO) grades in the strongest
intercepts that are comparable to the 486ppm soluble TREO resource grade reported at the Gerik in situ
leach (ISL) REE mine in Perak State, Malaysia, a simple, profitable ionic adsorption clay (IAC) REE
operation. In several holes at Axel’s Woolrich Target, the deepest samples recorded higher soluble grades
than the interval average, consistent with enrichment of ionic rare earths with depth in typical IAC deposits,
highlighting the potential to increase average soluble grades at the Woolrich Target as drilling is extended
into the lower saprolite.
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Non-Executive Chairman, Paul Dickson, commented:
“These initial MgSO₄ leaching results from the Woolrich Target shows a very encouraging
validation our IAC and ISL concept at Caladão - Area B. The combination of soluble TREO
grades comparable to those reported for Gerik and a magnet-rich assemblage with
approximately 40% NdPr and 42% MREO places Axel in a strong position within the ionic
clay peer group.”
As work continues to fully define thickness, continuity and hydrogeological parameters,
the results to date clearly support further investment in ISL-focused exploration at the
Woolrich ISL target. We are excited to advance this work program with the aim to
position Axel as a potential future supplier of high-value MREC products from Brazil’s
Lithium Valley.”
The leach solutions display a high proportion of magnet rare earth oxides (MREO), with MREO representing
approximately 42% of soluble TREO and NdPr averaging around 40% of soluble TREO (Table 1). This magnet-
rich assemblage compares favourably with peer IAC projects and supports the potential to produce a high-
value mixed rare earth carbonate (MREC) product from future development, with strong exposure to NdPr
and meaningful DyTb contributions to the basket value.
Best drillhole intercepts:
• CAL-AUG-510 10m @ 590 ppm soluble TREO from 5m ending with 457 ppm
• CAL-AUG-514 4m @ 514 ppm soluble TREO from 12m ending with 629 ppm
• CAL-AUG-515 7m @ 352 ppm soluble TREO from 5m ending with 454 ppm
• CAL-AUG-517 4m @ 432 ppm soluble TREO from 12m ending with 536 ppm
• CAL-AUG-520 8m @ 597 ppm soluble TREO from 6m ending with 609 ppm
• CAL-AUG-521 3m @ 508 ppm soluble TREO from 7m ending with 530 ppm
• CAL-AUG-526 2m @ 486 ppm soluble TREO from 11m ending with 512 ppm
• CAL-AUG-540 3m @ 512 ppm soluble TREO from 8m ending with 677 ppm
A comparison of the Woolrich ISL Target’s soluble TREO and MREO assemblage with selected IAC and ISL
peers, including the Gerik ISL REE mine and several advanced scoping and prefeasibility-stage projects
(EMA, Colossus, Caldera and Carina), is provided in Table 1.
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Table 1. Soluble MREO in Woolrich target standing out in respect to the peers.
Company - Project
CAPEX
US$
Million
SOLUBLE
TREO
ppm
MREO/
TREO %
NdPr/
TREO %
DyTb/
TREO %
Axel REE (ASX:AXL) – Caladão Project,
Woolrich ISL Target
??1
464 42.0 40.0 2.0
MCRE Resources/Southern Alliance
Mining - Gerik ISL REE Mine
20 486 30.02
27.0 3.0
Brazilian Critical Minerals (ASX:BCM) –
EMA Project
55 - 34.23 33.0 1.2
Viridis Mining (ASX:VMM) – Colossus
Project
358 - 39.04 37.5 1.4
Meteoric Resources (ASX:MEI) – Caldera
Project
443 - 31.65
30.6 1.0
Aclara Resources (TSX:ARA) – Carina
Project
680 459 31.56
27.4 4.1
Note: all rare earths in solution will report in the final product, the Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate (MREC)
1
Axel CAPEX to be determined in following progression to next stages of ISL project development
2
Euroz Hartleys article published dated 30 October 2025 ‘Malaysian ISL REE Site Visit’, link.
3
ASX: BCM Announcement dated 23 October 2025 ‘EMA REE Project Produces First High Grade MREC From Field Trial’.
4
ASX: VMM Announcement dated 24 September 2024 ‘Colossus Maiden Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate (MREC) Product’.
5
ASX: MEI Announcement dated 29 February 2024 ‘First Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate (MREC) Produced for Caldeira REE Project’.
6
TSX:ARA Announcement dated 06 November 2025 ‘Aclara Announces Filing and Results of PRE-Feasibility Study For Its Flagship
Carina Project’.
The soluble TREO grades at Caladão project remain open to improvement with deeper drilling, as every hole
that intersected the ionic rare earth horizon terminated in mineralisation. The present phase of leaching
assays at SGS and additional drilling therefore represents an important step in delineating zones of higher
solublegrade at Caladãoand in assessingthe potential for an in-situ leach development concept analogous,
in broad terms, to the Gerik ISL REE mine.
The Woolrich Target also retains a range of physical and geological parameters considered favourable for an
ISL operation. These include appropriate topography, favourable regolith architecture developed over a
coarse pegmatitic granite, and the presence of fresh rock immediately below the ionic rare earth
mineralisation, which can act as a hydraulic “basement” for ISL operations. Intense tropical weathering of
the Caladão pegmatitic granite has produced a lateritic profile with characteristics typical of IAC-style rare
REE mineralisation amenable to ISL.
Profitable IAC operations in Asia demonstrate that “grade is not king” for this deposit style of mineralisation
as is the case with many other hard-rock commodities. Instead, value is driven by a combination of low
capital intensity, low operating costs and favourable basket value, which can be achieved through in-
situ leaching and the production of high-value MREC products with strong NdPr and DyTb assemblages.
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The coarse nature of the protolithic granite suggests good permeability in the regolith developed above the
fresh rock, where the best ionic grades are indicated (Photo 1). Dedicated hydrogeological and geotechnical
testwork will be considered in future programmes to further assess these parameters in the context of an
ISL concept.
Photo 1. Upper saprolite (USAP) developed over the Caladão pegmatitic granite.
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Figure 1. Caladão project areas.
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Figure 2. Location map of the TREO soluble results at Woolrich ISL target.
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Figure 3. Cross Section showing TREO soluble intercepts of the auger holes CLD-AUG-510 & CLD-
AUG-517.
Next steps
The next phase of work at Caladão Area B will focus on:
• Extending leaching assays at SGS by magnesium sulphate to additional drilling across the Woolrich
ISL Target to systematically map zones of higher soluble TREO grade and favourable magnet rare
earth assemblage;
• Integrating leaching results with topography, regolith mapping and geological data to define domains
that are most prospective for ISL development; and
• Designing and implementing drilling in the most prospective areas to improve definition of the ionic
clay horizon, and to support further technical studies.
About the Gerik ISL Project - Malaysia
The Gerik non-radioactive rare earth (NR-REE) project at Kenering, Hulu Perak, is Malaysia’s first ion-
adsorption clay rare earth mine and pilot in-situleach (ISL) operation. It injects ammonium sulphatesolution
into ion-adsorption clays to desorb REEs, then pumps the pregnant leach solution to surface to produce
mixed rare earth carbonate (MREC). It is currently the country’s only authorised exporter of raw NR-REEs.
Operations commenced in September 2022 and are operated by privately held MCRE Resources, which in
September 2025 completed the sale of 40% of its equity to SGX-listed Southern Alliance Mining for RM219.0
million (~A$86 million)1
.
1
Sothern Alliance Mining Ltd. (SGX:QNS) release 12 September 2025 “Proposed Acquisition Of 40.00% Of The Issued And Paid-Up Share Capital of
MCRE Resources Sdn. Bhd., Being A Discloseable Transaction And An Interested Person Transaction Under The Catalist Rules (The "Proposed
Acquisition") - Completion Of The Proposed Acquisition”
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Installed capacity is roughly 4,000tpa REO. The product basket is strongly skewed to magnet elements, with
NdPr exceeding 27% of contained REO and DyTb around 3%. MCRE reportedly receives payabilities above
70% on five key elements contained in MREC: Nd, Pr, Dy, Tb and Lu, reflecting the strategic value of its
magnet-heavy product.
The Gerik plant has a capex of approximately US$20 million for the current plant and well-field, underscoring
the cost advantages of ISL in ion-adsorption clays versus conventional hard-rock mining
Advantages of In Situ Leaching
All current ionic rare earths mining in Asia is by ISL which offers several technical, economic and
environmental advantages over conventional openpit andtank leach operations in the 1970s and heapleach
operation in the early 1980s particularly for permeable,near-surface deposits hosted in suitable geology and
topography (e.g., ion-adsorption clays):
1. Lower capital intensity
ISL typically eliminates the need for large pits, waste dumps, crushing and grinding circuits, large
tailings dams and extensive haulage fleets. The primary capital components are wellfields, pipelines
and a relatively compact processing plant. This can materially reduce upfront capital requirements
and shorten construction timeframes.
2. Lower operating costs
By cation exchange Mg+ from the solution for REE+ in the clays, by injecting the solution on vertical
holes above the orebody and collecting the pregnant solution (PLS) at the base of the hill by
horizontal holes, ISL avoids drilling and blasting, truck-shovel haulage, primary crushing and much
of the materials handling that dominate operating costs in conventional mines. Reagents, pumping
power and wellfield maintenance become the main operating cost drivers, which are often lower on
a per-unit-of-metal basis.
3. Smaller surface footprint and less waste
ISL mines have a much smaller disturbance footprint than open pits, as there is no large void, waste
rock dump or conventional tailings storage facility.Disturbance is largely limited to well pads,access
tracks and a processing plant. This significantly reduces visual impact, waste volumes and
rehabilitation complexity.
4. Improved environmental and social profile
Because mining occurs without large surface excavations, ISL can offer lower dust, noise and traffic
levels and reduced risk of slope failures, tailings dam incidents and acid mine drainage. This can
translate into lower environmental risk, improved community acceptance and, in some jurisdictions,
more streamlined permitting.
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5. Flexible, scalable development
Wellfields can be developed in stages, allowing operators to scale production up or down in line with
market conditions, test different parts of the orebody and optimise patterns and flow rates over time.
Underperforming areas can be shut in while new patterns are brought online, improving capital
efficiency and risk management.
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of the in situ leaching process for rare earth ore.
Source info: Hu, Mingbing & Shao, Yajian & Chen, Guoliang. (2025). Kinetics of Ion Exchange in Magnesium Sulfate Leaching of Rare Earths and
Aluminum from Ionic Rare Earth Ores. Minerals. 15. 290. 10.3390/min15030290.
This announcement was authorised by the Board of Directors.
For enquiries regarding this release please contact:
Axel REE Limited Investor & Media Relations
investors@axelreelimited.com.au awillis@nwrcommunications.com.au
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About Axel REE
Axel REE is a critical minerals exploration company which is primarily focused on developing the Caladão REE-Gallium
and Caldas REE Projects in Brazil. Together, the project portfolio covers over 1,000km² of exploration tenure in Brazil,
the third largest country globally in terms of REE Reserves.
JORC 2012 Mineral Resource Deposit JORC 2012 Classification Tonnes and Grade
Caladão Project – Area A Inferred 233Mt @ 2,133ppm TREO
Caladão Project – Area A Inferred 100Mt @ 42ppm Gallium
Refer AXL ASX release 22 August 2025 (Gallium MRE) and 1 October 2025 (REE MRE)
The Company’s mission is to explore and develop REE and other critical minerals in vastly underexplored Brazil. These
minerals are crucial for the advancement of modern technology and the transition towards a more sustainable global
economy. Axel’s strategy includes extensive exploration plans to fully realize the potential of its current projects and
seek new opportunities.
Figure 2. Map of Axel REE key projects in Brazil
Competent Persons Statement
The information in this announcement that relates to Exploration Results and Metallurgy and Metallurgical Test Work is
based on and fairly represents information and supporting documentation compiled by Mr Antonio de Castro, BSc
(Hons), MAusIMM, CREA who acts as AXEL´s Senior Consulting Geologist through the consultancy firm, ADC Geologia
Ltda. Mr. de Castro has sufficient experience which is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under
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consideration and to the reporting of exploration results and analytical and metallurgical test work he is undertaking to
qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the “Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration
Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves” (the JORC Code). Mr Castro consents to the inclusion in the
announcement of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
Forward Looking Statement
This announcement contains projections and forward-looking information that involve various risks and uncertainties
regarding future events. Such forward-looking information can include without limitation statements based on current
expectations involving a number of risks and uncertainties and are not guarantees of future performance of the
Company. These risks and uncertainties could cause actual results and the Company’s plans and objectives to differ
materially from those expressed in the forward-looking information. Actual results and future events could differ
materially from anticipated in such information. These and all subsequent written and oral forward-looking information
are based on estimates and opinions of management on the dates they are madeandexpressly qualified intheir entirety
by this notice. The Company assumes no obligation to update forward-looking information should circumstances or
management’s estimates or opinions change.
Reference to Previous Announcements
In addition to new results reported in this announcement, the information that relates to previous exploration results is
extracted from:
• AXL ASX release 22 August 2025 “100Mt Maiden Gallium Mineral Resource Estimate”
• AXL ASX release 10 September 2025 “New Gallium and REE Zones Expand Caladão Project Scale Potential”
• AXL ASX release 01 October 2025 “REE Mineral Resource Estimate”
The Company confirms that it is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information
contained in these announcements and, in the case of estimates of mineral resources, that all material assumptions
and technical parameters underpinning the estimates in the announcements continue to apply and have not materially
changed.
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JORC Code, 2012 Edition – Table 1
Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data
(Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding sections.)
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Sampling
techniques
• Nature and quality of sampling (e.g., cut
channels, random chips, or specific
specialised industry standard
measurement tools appropriate to the
minerals under investigation, such as down
hole gamma sondes, or handheld XRF
instruments, etc.). These examples should
not be taken as limiting the broad meaning
of sampling.
• Include reference to measures taken to
ensure sample representivity and the
appropriate calibration of any
measurement tools or systems used.
• Aspects of the determination of
mineralisation that are Material to the
Public Report.
• In cases where ‘industry standard’ work
has been done, this would be relatively
simple (e.g., ‘reverse circulation drilling
was used to obtain 1 m samples from
which 3 kg was pulverized to produce a 30
g charge for fire assay’). In other cases,
more explanation may be required, such as
where there is coarse gold that has
inherent sampling problems. Unusual
commodities or mineralisation types (eg
submarine nodules) may warrant
disclosure of detailed information.
• Auger holes
• At each drill site, the surface was thoroughly
cleared. Soil and saprolite samples were
gathered every 1 meter with precision, carefully
logged and photographed. Each sample was then
sealed in plastic bags and clearly labelled for
identification.
Drilling
techniques
• Drill type (e.g., core, reverse circulation,
open-hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger,
Bangka, sonic, etc.) and details (e.g. core
diameter, triple or standard tube, depth of
diamond tails, face-sampling bit or other
type, whether core is oriented and if so, by
what method, etc.).
Augerdrilling
• A motorized 2.5HP soil auger with a 4” drill bit,
reaching depths of up to 20 meters, was used to
drill. The drilling is an open hole, meaning there is a
significant chance of contamination from the
surface and other parts of the auger hole. Holes are
vertical and not oriented.
Drill
sample
recovery
• Method of recording and assessing core
and chip sample recoveries and results
assessed.
• Measures taken to maximise sample
recovery and ensure representative nature
of the samples.
• Whether a relationship exists between
sample recovery and grade and whether
sample bias may have occurred due to
preferential loss/gain of fine/coarse
Auger drilling
No recoveries arerecorded.
• No relationship is believed to exist between
recovery and grade.
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Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
material.
Logging • Whether core and chip samples have been
geologically and geotechnically logged to a
level of detail to support appropriate
Mineral Resource estimation, mining
studies and metallurgical studies.
• Whether logging is qualitative or
quantitative in nature. Core (or Costin,
channel, etc.) photography.
• The total length and percentage of the
relevant intersections logged.
The geology was described in a core facility by a
geologist - logging focused on the soil horizon,
saprolite, and fresh rock boundaries. The depth of
geological boundaries is honored and described
with downhole depth – not meter by meter.
Other important parameters for collecting data
include grain size, texture, and color, which can
help identify the parent rock beforeweathering.
All drilled holes have a digital photographic record.
The log is stored in a Microsoft Excel template with
inbuilt validation tables and a pick list to avoid data
entry errors.
Sub-
sampling
techniques
and sample
preparation
• If core, whether cut or sawn and whether
quarter, half or all core taken.
• If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled,
rotary split, etc. and whether sampled wet
or dry.
• For all sample types, the nature, quality
and appropriateness of the sample
preparation technique.
• Quality control procedures adopted for all
sub-sampling stages to maximise
representativity of samples.
• Measures taken to ensure that the
sampling is representative of the in-situ
material collected, including for instance
results for field duplicate/second-half
sampling.
• Whether sample sizes are appropriate to
the grain size of the material being
sampled.
Sample preparation (drying, crushing, splitting
and pulverizing) is carried out by SGS laboratory,
in Vespasiano MG, using industry-standard
protocols:
• dried at105°C
• homogenization with Jones splitter
• dry sieving at 4mm (SCR33) discharging
the retained material
• <4mm homogenized
• 40gr aliquot selectionfrom pulppacket
Quality of
assay data
and
laboratory
tests
• The nature, quality and appropriateness of
the assaying and laboratory procedures
used and whether the technique is
considered partial or total.
• For geophysical tools, spectrometers,
handheld XRF instruments, etc., the
parameters used in determining the
analysis including instrument make and
model, reading times, calibrations factors
applied and their derivation, etc.
• Nature of quality control procedures
adopted (eg standards, blanks, duplicates,
external laboratory checks) and whether
acceptable levels of accuracy (ie lack of
bias) and precision have been established.
1 blank sample, 1 internal reference material sample
and 1 field duplicate sample were inserted by company
into each 25-sample sequence.
Laboratory QA/QC procedures were followed, including
blank samples.
The assay technique used was 40gr of the sample in 160
ml solution of magnesium sulfate 0.5M in a Becker for 30
minutes (SGS code ICM 696).
After the lixiviation the pulp is vacuum filtered.
One aliquot is extracted from the solution and diluted 25
times with HNO3 2%.
The solution is analyzed by ICP-MS.
Elements analyzed at ppm levels:
Al 2 – 8,000 Nd 2.4 – 800
Ba 20 – 800 Ni 0.2 – 800
Be 0.4 – 800 P 4 – 8000
Bi 0.8 – 800 Pb 0.32 – 800
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Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Ca 10 – 8000 Pr 0.06 – 800
Cd 0.12 – 800 Rb 0.8 – 200
Ce 0.20 – 800 Re 0.4 – 200
Co 0.20 – 800 Sc 0.24 – 800
Cr 1 – 800 Sm 0.04 – 200
Cs 0.2 – 200 Sn 1.2 – 200
Cu 0.04 – 800 Sr 0.16 – 800
Dy 0.028 – 200 Ta 0.2 – 200
Er 0.02 – 200 Tb 0.08 – 200
Eu 0.02 – 200 Th 0.2 – 200
Fe 2 – 8000 Ti 5 – 8000
Gd 0.02 – 200 Tl 0.08 – 200
Ho 0.016 – 200 Tm 0.012 – 200
In 0.08 – 200 U 0.04 – 200
K 20 – 8000 V 2 – 800
La 1 – 800 W 1 – 800
Li 0.4 – 800 Y 0.2 – 800
Lu 0.04 – 200 Yb 0.4 – 200
Mn 0.4 – 8000 Zn 0.5 – 800
Mo 0.2 – 200 Zr 0.2 – 800
Na 20 – 8000
The sample preparation and assay techniques used are
industry standard and provide partial analysis.
The SGS laboratory used for assays is ISO 9001 and
14001 and 17025 accredited.
Verification
of sampling
and
assaying
• The verification of significant intersections
by either independent or alternative
company personnel.
• The use of twinned holes.
• Documentation of primary data, data entry
procedures, data verification, data storage
(physical and electronic) protocols.
• Discuss any adjustment to assay data.
Apart from the routine QA/QC procedures by the
Company and the laboratory, there was no other
independent or alternative verification of sampling and
assaying procedures.
No twinned holes were used.
Primary data collection follows a structured protocol,
with standardized data entry procedures ensure that
any issues are identified and rectified. All data is stored
both in physical forms, such as hard copies and
electronically, in secure databases with regular
backups.
The adjustments to the data were made transforming
the elementvaluesinto the oxide values.The conversion
factors used are included in the table below. (source:
https://www.jcu.edu.au/advanced-analytical-
centre/resources/element-to-stoichiometric-oxide-
conversion-factors)
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Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Element ppm Conversion Factor Oxide Form
Al 1.8895 Al2O3
Ce 1.2284 CeO2
Dy 1.1477 Dy2O3
Er 1.1435 Er2O3
Eu 1.1579 Eu2O3
Ga 1.3442 Ga2O3
Gd 1.1526 Gd2O3
Ho 1.1455 Ho2O3
La 1.1728 La2O3
Lu 1.1371 Lu2O3
Nd 1.1664 Nd2O3
Pr 1.2082 Pr6O11
Sm 1.1596 Sm2O3
Tb 1.1762 Tb4O7
Tm 1.1421 Tm2O3
Y 1.2699 Y2O3
Yb 1.1387 Yb2O3
Rare earth oxide is the industry accepted form for
reporting rare earths. The following calculations are
used for compiling REO into their reporting and
evaluation groups:
TREO (Total Rare Earth Oxide) = La2O3 + CeO2 + Pr6O11
+ Nd2O3 + Sm2O3 + Eu2O3 + Gd2O3 + Tb4O7 + Dy2O3 +
Ho2O3 + Er2O3 + Tm2O3 + Yb2O3 + Y2O3 + Lu2O3
LREO (Light Rare Earth Oxide) = La2O3 + CeO2 + Pr6O11
+ Nd2O3
HREO (Heavy Rare Earth Oxide) = Sm2O3 + Eu2O3 +
Gd2O3 + Tb4O7 + Dy2O3 + Ho2O3 + Er2O3 + Tm2O3 +
Yb2O3 + Y2O3 + Lu2O3
CREO (Critical Rare Earth Oxide) = Nd2O3 + Eu2O3 +
Tb4O7 + Dy2O3 + Y2O3
(From U.S. Department of Energy, Critical Material
Strategy, December 2011)
MREO (Magnetic Rare Earth Oxide) = Nd2O3 + Pr6O11 +
Tb4O7 + Dy2O3
NdPr = Nd2O3 + Pr6O11
DyTb = Dy2O3 + Tb4O7
In elemental from the classifications are:
TREE:
La+Ce+Pr+Nd+Sm+Eu+Gd+Tb+Dy+Ho+Er+Tm+Tb+Lu+Y
HREE: Sm+Eu+Gd+Tb+Dy+Ho+Er+Tm+Tb+Lu+Y
CREE: Nd+Eu+Tb+Dy+Y
LREE: La+Ce+Pr+Nd
MREO % = MREO/TREO
HREO % = HREO/TREO
NdPr% = NdPr/TREO
DyTb% = DyTb/TREO
Location of
data points
• Accuracy and quality of surveys used to
locate drill holes (collar and down-hole
surveys), trenches, mine workings and
other locations used in Mineral Resource
The UTM SIRGAS2000 zone 23S grid datum is used for
current reporting. The auger collar coordinates for the
holes reported are currently controlled by hand-held
GPS.
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Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
estimation.
• Specification of the grid system used.
• Quality and adequacy of topographic
control.
Data
spacing
and
distribution
• Data spacing for reporting of Exploration
Results.
• Whether the data spacing and distribution
is sufficient to establish the degree of
geological and grade continuity
appropriate for the Mineral Resource and
Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and
classifications applied.
• Whether sample compositing has been
applied.
Collar plan displayed in the body of the release.
No resources are reported.
Orientation
of data in
relation to
geological
structure
• Whether the orientation of sampling
achieves unbiased sampling of possible
structures and the extent to which this is
known, considering the deposit type.
• If the relationship between the drilling
orientation and the orientation of key
mineralised structures is considered to
have introduced a sampling bias, this
should be assessed and reported if
material.
All auger holes were drilled vertically, which is
deemed the most suitable orientation for this type
of supergene deposit. These deposits typically
have a broad horizontal extent relative to the
thickness of the mineralized body, exhibiting
horizontal continuity with minimal variation in
thickness.
Given the extensive lateral spread and uniform
thickness of the deposit, vertical drilling is optimal
for achieving unbiased sampling. This orientation
allows for consistent intersections of the
horizontal mineralized zones, providing an
accurate depiction of the geological framework
and mineralization.
No evidence suggests that the vertical
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